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Calcium (Ca) sputtering targets are high-purity materials used in physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes, specifically sputtering, to create thin films of calcium on various substrates. These targets are essential in various advanced technologies, including electronics, optics, and materials science, due to calcium’s unique properties.
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- Broad Transparency Range: CaF₂ has excellent transmission from the UV (below 200 nm) to the IR (~10 µm) range, which makes it ideal for a wide variety of optical applications.
- Low Refractive Index: The material has a relatively low refractive index (~1.43), which minimizes Fresnel reflection losses and is useful in anti-reflective coatings.
- High Thermal Stability: CaF₂ can withstand high temperatures during evaporation, ensuring the stability of the material during thin-film deposition processes.
- Chemical Resistance: Calcium fluoride is chemically inert, offering durability and resistance to environmental degradation.
- Low Absorption: Its low absorption makes it suitable for high-power laser applications, especially in the UV region.
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- High Optical Transparency: Transparent in the UV to IR spectrum, ideal for optical applications.
- Low Absorption: Minimal light absorption, ensuring high-quality performance in various optical devices.
- Durability: Resistant to chemical attack and radiation, making it suitable for harsh environments.
- High Purity: ≥99.9% purity for consistent performance in high-precision applications.
- Excellent Thermal Stability: Retains properties even under high temperatures.
- Customizable Particle Size: Available in various particle sizes to meet the specific needs of customers.
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- Wide Optical Transparency: Effective from UV to IR spectra (0.13–11 μm).
- High Chemical Stability: Resistant to moisture and chemical degradation.
- Low Refractive Index: Reduces the need for complex multilayer coatings.
- Thermal Stability: Suitable for high-temperature thin-film deposition.
- High Purity: Ensures uniform film quality and minimizes defects.
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- High Melting Point: CaO has a melting point of around 2572°C, making it ideal for applications requiring heat resistance.
- Thermal Stability: The material offers excellent performance in high-temperature environments, making it suitable for industrial and aerospace uses.
- Good Optical Properties: CaO is transparent over a broad spectrum, from UV to visible light, which makes it useful in various optical applications.
- Chemical Stability: CaO thin films offer strong resistance to corrosion, enhancing the longevity of coatings in harsh environments.
- High Density: The material has a density of about 3.34 g/cm³, providing robustness in thin-film applications.
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- High Purity: Cadmium pellets are typically available with purity levels of 99.9% or higher, ensuring the creation of defect-free, high-quality thin films.
- Low Melting Point: Cadmium has a relatively low melting point, making it easy to evaporate in deposition processes.
- Electrical Properties: Cadmium’s electrical conductivity and ability to form alloys make it valuable in semiconductor and electronic applications.
- Optical Properties: Cadmium thin films are used in optical devices due to their favorable reflective and refractive properties in certain wavelengths, especially in the IR and visible regions.
- Corrosion Resistance: Cadmium coatings offer protection from corrosion, especially in aerospace and marine equipment, by serving as a sacrificial layer to protect underlying materials.
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- Shapes Available: Circular (disc), rectangular, and custom-designed targets.
- Diameter Range: Custom sizes available.
- Thickness: Varies depending on application requirements.
- Surface Finish: Fine-polished to ensure uniform film deposition.
- Backing Plate: Available with or without bonding to enhance thermal and mechanical stability.
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- High Electrical Conductivity: CdO is known for its good electrical conductivity, making it an excellent material for use in electronic and optoelectronic devices.
- Optical Transparency: CdO films offer transparency in the visible light spectrum, making them ideal for TCO applications.
- Good Chemical Stability: CdO targets provide stable films that resist degradation in various environmental conditions.
- Infrared Absorption: CdO’s strong absorption properties in the infrared range are advantageous for applications in IR optics and detectors.
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- Direct Bandgap Semiconductor: CdS has a direct bandgap (~2.42 eV), making it an excellent material for optoelectronic applications requiring high-efficiency light absorption and emission.
- High Transparency: CdS exhibits high transparency in the visible spectrum, making it an ideal candidate for window layers in photovoltaic devices.
- Stable and Efficient: CdS is a stable semiconductor with efficient electron-hole pair generation, which enhances the performance of solar cells and optoelectronic devices.
- Low-cost Semiconductor: Compared to other semiconductors, CdS offers a cost-effective solution for large-scale production in photovoltaics and other electronics.
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- Optical Properties: CdSe exhibits strong light absorption in the visible and infrared spectrum, making it an ideal material for optoelectronic applications.
- Electronic Properties: With a direct bandgap of approximately 1.7 eV (which can be tuned depending on particle size and synthesis methods), CdSe offers high photoresponsivity and efficient charge carrier transport.
- Thermal Stability: CdSe maintains good chemical and structural stability within a specific temperature range.
- Crystal Structure: It exists in either a cubic (zinc blende) or hexagonal (wurtzite) crystalline phase, each with distinct electronic and optical characteristics.
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- Direct Bandgap Semiconductor: CdSe has a direct bandgap (~1.74 eV), making it ideal for optoelectronic applications such as light-emitting devices, lasers, and photovoltaics.
- High Absorption Coefficient: CdSe exhibits a high absorption coefficient in the visible range, making it suitable for applications in solar cells and photodetectors.
- Quantum Dot Applications: CdSe is widely used in quantum dots, offering tunable emission properties based on the size of the particles, enabling use in next-generation displays and medical imaging.
- Wide Range of Optical and Electronic Properties: CdSe offers tunable optical and electronic properties, making it useful across a wide range of applications from sensors to light-emitting devices.
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- Purity: Available at 99.9% or higher purity to ensure optimal film quality and performance.
- Oxidation-Reduction Properties: Cerium’s ability to switch between oxidation states (Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺) makes it ideal for catalytic and energy applications.
- Customizable Size and Shape: Cerium sputtering targets are available in various forms such as discs, plates, and cylinders to suit different deposition systems.
- Thermal Stability: Cerium films offer high thermal stability, making them suitable for high-temperature applications like fuel cells and catalytic converters.
